CIVIL ENGINEERING

Briefly we may say:- Site supervisor only supervise the manpower and specific tasks and site engineer can run the projects with official followup, management of project and site activities.  or A site engineer is responsible for ensuring that the workers on site build the project following the technical guidance provided, and site supervisor assumes the responsibility, Completes construction projects by planning, organizing, and controlling projects, completing quality inspections, supervising sub-contractors and staff. or Site engineer give technical Instructions And site supervise execute site wok or Site Supervisor involved in site activity and site execution. & Site Engineer  involved with design team, planning, Material monitoring & manpower requirement. or in more detail we may say that A Site Supervisor role would be:  1.     Oversee operations on a day-to-day basis. 2.     Ensure that work is done safel...

CHECKS ON BITUMENT QUALITY FOR USE IN ROAD WORK LAB TESTS ON BITUMEN TO CHECK QUALITY Various tests are conducted on bitumen to assess its consistency, gradation, viscosity, temperature susceptibility, and safety. There are a number of tests to assess the properties of bituminous materials. The following tests are usually conducted to evaluate different properties of bituminous materials. Penetration test Ductility test Softening point test Specific gravity test Viscosity test Flash and Fire point test Float test Water content test Loss on heating test 1.PENETRATION TEST It measures the hardness or softness of bitumen by measuring the depth in tenths of a millimeter to which a standard loaded needle will penetrate vertically in 5 seconds. BIS had standardized the equipment and test procedure. The penetrometer consists of a needle assembly with a total weight of 100g and a device for releasing and locking in any position. The bitumen is softened to a pour...

Pipes for water distribution in a building are available in various sizes. Determination of suitable pipe sizes for various purposes in a building based on various factors such as cost, pressure etc. are discussed. Following points regarding pipe sizes in buildings are discussed: o     What are the factors that influence the selection of water distribution pipe size in buildings? o     Procedures used for the determination pipe sizes for water distribution in buildings. Fig.1: Different Pipe Sizes to Distribute Water in Buildings Factors Influencing Selection of Water Distribution Pipe Size in Buildings o     Cost effectiveness o     Pressure at the source of water supply o     Required pressure at each outlet fixture (examples of outlet fixture are bathtubs, channel drains, bidets, drinking fountains, kitchen sinks, bathroom sinks, showers and others) o   ...